ASLP NOTES

Laryngeal cancer, also known as laryngeal carcinoma, is a type of cancer that originates in the tissues of the larynx, which is commonly referred to as the voice box. The larynx is located in the throat and plays a vital role in voice production and the passage of air to the lungs. Laryngeal cancer typically affects the squamous cells lining the interior of the larynx. SYMPTOMS   Symptoms of laryngeal cancer can vary, but they often include: Hoarseness or voice changes: Persistent hoarseness or a significant change in the voice is one of the most common early signs of laryngeal cancer. Sore throat or persistent cough: Chronic sore throat or a persistent cough that doesn't resolve over time. Difficulty swallowing: Painful or difficult swallowing, also known as dysphagia. Ear pain: Unexplained pain in the ears. Lump or swelling in the neck: A noticeable lump or swelling in the neck due to enlarged lymph nodes. Breathing difficulties: Shortness of breath or noisy breathing due...

Assessment of stuttering:- Introduction   General guidelines to assessment  The process of assessment  The speech profile  Attitude assessments  Psychological investigations  LEARNING OBJECTIVES  Students should be able to:  Perceive and count overt stuttering  Carry out and interpret selected attitude assessments  Describe and discuss the controversies about stuttering assessment  Consider the person who stutters as a whole and begin to see how therapy  must be designed for the individual  Compare, contrast and critically evaluate the various models of stuttering  assessment  Stuttering: an integrated approach to its nature and  treatment Guitar 1998  Introduction  Assessing stuttering is possibly one of the most contentious issues in the whole field  of dysfluency because the disorder is so variable. As Sheehan (1970) says "it is not  a unitary problem". Also the type of assessment...

What is Fluency • Fluency – derived from Latin word ‘Flure’ • Fluent speaker - some one whose speech is easy and  that flows from word to word without effort  • The speech flows easily and smoothly in terms of  both sound and information • There are no disruptions of the message and the  listener can attend to the message  Stark Weather, 1987 • Fluency: “People who are fluent are so skilled in the  performance of speech and language behaviors that  they don't need to put much thought or energy into  talking.“ • Flow of speech Fluency • It refers to speech that flows without hesitation or stoppage  • Relates to the degree to which syllables and words are logically  sequenced as well as the presence or absence of pauses  • If semantic unit follows one another in a continual flow of  information – Fluent speech • If units fail to flow in a logical sequence - information does not flow Fluency Fluency & Disfluency in a continuum...

What are  Phonological Processes? Phonological processes are the patterns that young children use  to simplify adult speech. All children use these processes while their speech and language are developing. For example, very young children (ages 1 to 3) may say “wa-wa” for “water” or “tat” for “cat.” Other children may leave out the final sound in words (for example, “pi” for “pig” or “ha“ for “hat.”) Up to age 3, these are appropriate productions. As children mature, so does their speech and they stop using these patterns to simplify words. In fact, by age 5, most children stop using all phonological processes and their speech sounds more like the adults around them. As children stop using phonological processes, their speech becomes more understandable. This allows them to become better communicators. For example, between 11⁄2 and 2 years of age,  typically developing children may produce around 50 words. Between the ages of 41⁄2 and 5 years, children are able to produce...

American speech language and hearing Association Scope of Practice in Speech-Language Pathology  Ad Hoc Committee on the Scope of Practice in Speech-Language Pathology  About This Document  This scope of practice document is an official policy of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) defining the  breadth of practice within the profession of speech-language pathology. This document was developed by the ASHA Ad Hoc  Committee on the Scope of Practice in Speech-Language Pathology. Committee members were Kenn Apel (chair), Theresa E.  Bartolotta, Adam A. Brickell, Lynne E. Hewitt, Ann W. Kummer, Luis F. Riquelme, Jennifer B. Watson, Carole Zangari, Brian B.  Shulman (vice president for professional practices in speech-language pathology), Lemmietta McNeilly (ex officio), and Diane  Paul (consultant). This document was approved by the ASHA Legislative Council on September 4, 2007 (LC 09-07) Introduction  The Scope of Practice in...