ASLP NOTES

Articulation Disorder: Articulation disorder is a speech disorder that affects an individuals ability to produce sounds or articulate words properly.  This disorder can make it difficult for the person to communicate effectively with others. Here is some information on the causes symptoms assessment and management of articulation disorder: Causes: The exact cause of articulation disorder is not known, but several factors can contribute to its development. Some of these factors include: Genetic factors:  Articulation disorder may be hereditary and run in families. Hearing impairment:  If a child has a hearing impairment, it can affect their ability to hear and produce sounds correctly. Brain damage: Damage to the brain caused by injury, disease, or a stroke can also result in articulation disorders. Environmental factors:  Environmental factors such as premature birth, exposure to toxins, or a traumatic event can also lead to articulation disorders. Symptoms: The symp...

Assessment of stuttering:- Introduction   General guidelines to assessment  The process of assessment  The speech profile  Attitude assessments  Psychological investigations  LEARNING OBJECTIVES  Students should be able to:  Perceive and count overt stuttering  Carry out and interpret selected attitude assessments  Describe and discuss the controversies about stuttering assessment  Consider the person who stutters as a whole and begin to see how therapy  must be designed for the individual  Compare, contrast and critically evaluate the various models of stuttering  assessment  Stuttering: an integrated approach to its nature and  treatment Guitar 1998  Introduction  Assessing stuttering is possibly one of the most contentious issues in the whole field  of dysfluency because the disorder is so variable. As Sheehan (1970) says "it is not  a unitary problem". Also the type of assessment...

What is Fluency • Fluency – derived from Latin word ‘Flure’ • Fluent speaker - some one whose speech is easy and  that flows from word to word without effort  • The speech flows easily and smoothly in terms of  both sound and information • There are no disruptions of the message and the  listener can attend to the message  Stark Weather, 1987 • Fluency: “People who are fluent are so skilled in the  performance of speech and language behaviors that  they don't need to put much thought or energy into  talking.“ • Flow of speech Fluency • It refers to speech that flows without hesitation or stoppage  • Relates to the degree to which syllables and words are logically  sequenced as well as the presence or absence of pauses  • If semantic unit follows one another in a continual flow of  information – Fluent speech • If units fail to flow in a logical sequence - information does not flow Fluency Fluency & Disfluency in a continuum...

AUDITORY VERBAL THERAPY DEFINITION OF AVT Auditory verbal therapy provides systematic instructions to hearing impaired children and their parents. Auditory: Children who are deaf learn how to listen. Verbal: Children who are deaf learn how to talk. Therapy: Parent/caregiver attends one to one lessons with their child and learns how to teach their children in everyday situations. Auditory verbal therapy (AVT) is an early intervention approach for the children who are deaf or hard of hearing and are fitted with hearing devices in an early age.  It is individualized therapy on one to one basis in a listening environment. The goals are set in four areas of development such as; audition language, speech and cognition. Parents are partners in this program focused to develop spoken language communication.  AVT emphasises the development of listening and language through natural play, singing, daily routines as well as structured therapy activities. AVT focuses on education, guidance,...

 EMBRYOLOGY OF THE EAR  Embryology -  Introduction : •  The word embryo has been come from a Greek word meaning “to swell”.  • Study of embryo is known as Embryology.  • A developing baby during its 1st 8 week of gestation is known as embryo.  Relevance to audiology : •  An understanding of embryologic development & its relationship helps to the audiologist/physician for early identification, intervention & for prevention.  • The timetable of prenatal development & the association of the various structures with each other helps to the audiologist/physician for any kind of suspicion of deafness, its subsequent diagnosis & management.  • Development : •  Major changes in the development of the ear takes place in the mother’s womb, first as an embryo and later as a fetus.  • However development of auditory structure doesn’t stop nor it is totally completed at the time of birth.  • Knowledge of the origins of a...